The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 22, sentence 9
So he threw the tortoise into a sack which he carried, threw it over his shoulder, and started off home.
Who acts: hunter · What happens: throw, carry, start off · To what, where: tortoise, sack, shoulder
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 threw | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 threw | nsubj |
| 3 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 tortoise | det |
| 5 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 sack | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 sack | det |
| 8 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obl |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 carried | obj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 carried | nsubj |
| 11 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sack | acl:relcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 threw | punct |
| 13 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 threw | conj |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 threw | obj |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 17 shoulder | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 shoulder | nmod:poss |
| 17 | shoulder | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 threw | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 started | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 started | cc |
| 20 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 threw | conj |
| 21 | off | off | ADP | _ | 20 started | compound:prt |
| 22 | home | home | ADV | _ | 20 started | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | past | hunter | the tortoise | into a sack result | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer tortoise=Theme into sack=Result | |||
| 2 | carry | past | hunter | a sack | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | ||||
| 3 | throw | past | hunter not said here | tortoise | hunter's shoulder | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme over shoulder=Destination | |||
| 4 | start off | past | hunter not said here | home property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/22/9/