The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 13
And they laughed until the snow-peaks shook beneath them; for the mortar made of jade was six feet high and four feet wide, and the pestle was so heavy no mortal could lift it.
Who acts: heads, snow peaks, mortar, pestle, mortal · What happens: laugh, shake, make, be, lift · To what, where: mortar, four feet
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heads, snow peaks, mortar, pestle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 laughed | cc |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 laughed | nsubj |
| 3 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 9 shook | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 peaks | det |
| 6 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 peaks | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 snow | punct |
| 8 | peaks | peak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 shook | nsubj |
| 9 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 laughed | advcl |
| 10 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 11 them | case |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 shook | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 mortar | punct |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 mortar | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 mortar | det |
| 15 | mortar | mortar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 high | nsubj |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 mortar | acl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 jade | case |
| 18 | jade | jade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 made | obl |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 high | cop |
| 20 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 feet | nummod |
| 21 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 high | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 shook | parataxis |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 wide | cc |
| 24 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 feet | nummod |
| 25 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 wide | obl:unmarked |
| 26 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 high | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 heavy | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 heavy | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 pestle | det |
| 30 | pestle | pestle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 heavy | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 heavy | cop |
| 32 | so | so | ADV | _ | 33 heavy | advmod |
| 33 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 laughed | parataxis |
| 34 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 35 mortal | det |
| 35 | mortal | mortal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 lift | nsubj |
| 36 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 lift | aux |
| 37 | lift | lift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 heavy | parataxis |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 lift | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | heads = head | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | shake | past | the snow peaks | beneath heads = head | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath they=Location | ||||
| 3 | make | participle | the mortar not said here | of jade | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | is | past | the mortar | six feet obl:unmarked; high property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | be | the mortar not said here | four feet | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | is | past | the pestle | heavy property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | lift | could | no mortal | mortar | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/13/