The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 14
Pei-Hang, when he had finished staring at the Lake of Gems, walked round it, and wondered how he was to carry it down the mountain and across the plains to Chang-ngan.
Who acts: Pei · What happens: finish, stare, walk, wonder, be, chang · To what, where: Lake, ngan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pei), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pei | Pei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 walked | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 Hang | punct |
| 3 | Hang | Hang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Pei | nmod:unmarked |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 finished | punct |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 finished | advmod |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 finished | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 finished | aux |
| 8 | finished | finish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 Pei | acl:relcl |
| 9 | staring | stare | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 finished | xcomp |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 Lake | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Lake | det |
| 12 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 staring | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Gems | case |
| 14 | Gems | Gem | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 Lake | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Pei | punct |
| 16 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | round | round | ADP | _ | 18 it | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 walked | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 wondered | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 wondered | cc |
| 21 | wondered | wonder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 walked | conj |
| 22 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 26 carry | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 carry | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 carry | cop |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 carry | mark |
| 26 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 wondered | ccomp |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 carry | obj |
| 28 | down | down | ADP | _ | 26 carry | compound:prt |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 mountain | det |
| 30 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 carry | obj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 plains | cc |
| 32 | across | across | ADP | _ | 34 plains | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 plains | det |
| 34 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 mountain | conj |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 Chang | mark |
| 36 | Chang | chang | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 plains | acl |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 ngan | punct |
| 38 | ngan | ngan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 Chang | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 walked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | finish | past · perfect | Pei | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | stare | gerund | Pei not said here | at the Lake of Gems | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at lake=Theme | ||||
| 3 | walk | past | Pei Hang | Lake | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round it=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | wonder speech: ask | past | Pei Hang not said here | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | is | past | Pei | Lake obj; the mountain and the plains obj; carry property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | chang | to-infinitive | Pei not said here | ngan | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/14/