The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 5, sentence 99
“No,” replied the Crab, “because it is as natural for me to crawl as it is for you to run; and I can cover the ground very quickly, too, when it is necessary.”
Who acts: Crab, it, ground, you · What happens: reply, be, crawl, run, cover · To what, where: ground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crab, it, ground, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 replied | punct |
| 2 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 replied | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 No | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 No | punct |
| 5 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Crab | det |
| 7 | Crab | Crab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 replied | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 natural | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 natural | punct |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 natural | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 natural | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 natural | cop |
| 13 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 natural | case |
| 14 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 replied | parataxis |
| 15 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 crawl | mark |
| 16 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 crawl | nsubj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 crawl | mark |
| 18 | crawl | crawl | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 natural | csubj |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 is | mark |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 is | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 crawl | advcl |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 25 run | mark |
| 23 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 run | nsubj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 run | mark |
| 25 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 is | ccomp |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 cover | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 cover | cc |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 cover | nsubj |
| 29 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 cover | aux |
| 30 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 replied | advcl |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 ground | det |
| 32 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cover | obj |
| 33 | very | very | ADV | _ | 34 quickly | advmod |
| 34 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 30 cover | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 too | punct |
| 36 | too | too | ADV | _ | 30 cover | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 necessary | punct |
| 38 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 41 necessary | mark |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 necessary | expl |
| 40 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 necessary | cop |
| 41 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 cover | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 replied | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | the Crab | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | it | natural property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | crawl in a quote | to-infinitive | the Crab = crab | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | be in a quote | present | ground | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | run in a quote | to-infinitive | you | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | cover in a quote | can | the Crab = crab | the ground | quickly property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent ground=Destination | |||
| 7 | is in a quote | present | the Crab = crab not said here | necessary property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/99/