The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 27
When his eyes became accustomed to the dim light of the hole, he was horrified to find that he had as fellow prisoners a lion, a monkey, and a serpent.
Who acts: eyes, Scarcely · What happens: become, accustom, horrify, find, have, light · To what, where: Scarcely, hole · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, Scarcely), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 became | mark |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 3 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 became | nsubj |
| 4 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 horrified | advcl |
| 5 | accustomed | accustom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 became | xcomp |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 light | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 light | det |
| 8 | dim | dim | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 light | amod |
| 9 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 accustomed | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 hole | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 hole | det |
| 12 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 light | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 became | punct |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 horrified | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 horrified | aux:pass |
| 16 | horrified | horrify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 find | mark |
| 18 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 horrified | advcl |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 had | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 had | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 find | ccomp |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 24 prisoners | case |
| 23 | fellow | fellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 prisoners | amod |
| 24 | prisoners | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 had | obl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 lion | det |
| 26 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 prisoners | appos |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 monkey | punct |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 monkey | det |
| 29 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lion | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 serpent | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 serpent | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 serpent | det |
| 33 | serpent | serpent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 horrified | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 horrified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | Scarcely's eyes | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | accustom | participle | Scarcely's eyes not said here | to the dim light of the hole | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | horrify | past · passive | Scarcely | a serpent obl | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | find | to-infinitive | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | have | past | Scarcely | as fellow prisoners | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | light | the hole | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/6/27/