Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 1, sentence 9
Our poem, or, to speak more correctly, metrical romance, contains over 2500 lines, and is composed in staves of varying length, ending in five short rhyming lines, technically known as a bob and a wheel,—the lines forming the body of the stave being not rhyming, but alliterative.
Who acts: poem, staves, lines · What happens: speak, contain, compose, vary, end, rhyme · To what, where: 2500 lines, staves, length, five short rhyming lines, body, stave · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poem, staves, lines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 poem | nmod:poss |
| 2 | poem | poem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 contains | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 speak | punct |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 speak | cc |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 speak | punct |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 speak | mark |
| 7 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 poem | acl:relcl |
| 8 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 9 correctly | advmod |
| 9 | correctly | correctly | ADV | _ | 7 speak | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 romance | punct |
| 11 | metrical | metrical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 romance | amod |
| 12 | romance | romance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 poem | appos |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 poem | punct |
| 14 | contains | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | over | over | ADV | _ | 16 2500 | advmod |
| 16 | 2500 | 2500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 lines | nummod |
| 17 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 contains | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 composed | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 composed | cc |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 composed | aux:pass |
| 21 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 contains | parataxis |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 staves | case |
| 23 | staves | stave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 composed | obl |
| 24 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 25 varying | mark |
| 25 | varying | vary | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 staves | acl |
| 26 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 varying | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 ending | punct |
| 28 | ending | end | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 varying | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 lines | case |
| 30 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 lines | nummod |
| 31 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 lines | amod |
| 32 | rhyming | rhyme | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 lines | amod |
| 33 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ending | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 known | punct |
| 35 | technically | technically | ADV | _ | 36 known | advmod |
| 36 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 lines | acl |
| 37 | as | as | ADP | _ | 39 bob | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 bob | det |
| 39 | bob | bob | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 known | obl |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 wheel | cc |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 wheel | det |
| 42 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 bob | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 lines | punct |
| 44 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 lines | punct |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 lines | det |
| 46 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 staves | conj |
| 47 | forming | form | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 46 lines | acl |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 body | det |
| 49 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 forming | obj |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 stave | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 stave | det |
| 52 | stave | stave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 body | nmod |
| 53 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 55 rhyming | nsubj |
| 54 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 55 rhyming | advmod |
| 55 | rhyming | rhyme | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 52 stave | acl:relcl |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 alliterative | punct |
| 57 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 58 alliterative | cc |
| 58 | alliterative | alliterative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 composed | conj |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 contains | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | Our poem not said here | correctly property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | contain | present | Our poem | 2500 lines | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot line=Theme | ||||
| 3 | compose | present · passive | staves and the lines | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 4 | vary | gerund | staves and the lines not said here | length | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer length=Patient | ||||
| 5 | end | gerund | staves and the lines not said here | five short rhyming lines | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | rhyme | gerund | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | know | participle | five short rhyming lines not said here | as a bob and a wheel; technically property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as bob=Attribute | ||||
| 8 | form | gerund | the lines not said here | the body of the stave | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location body=Theme | ||||
| 9 | not rhyme | gerund | the stave not said here | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stave=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/1/9/