Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 62
Then he smote the steed with his spurs, and sprang on his way, so that sparks flew from the stones after him.
Who acts: Sir, sparks · What happens: smite, spring, fly, spur · To what, where: steed, way, stones
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, sparks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 smote | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 smote | nsubj |
| 3 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 steed | det |
| 5 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 smote | obj |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 spurs | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 spurs | nmod:poss |
| 8 | spurs | spur | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 smote | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sprang | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sprang | cc |
| 11 | sprang | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smote | parataxis |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 way | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 way | nmod:poss |
| 14 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sprang | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 flew | punct |
| 16 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 19 flew | mark |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 so | fixed |
| 18 | sparks | spark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 flew | nsubj |
| 19 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sprang | conj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 stones | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 stones | det |
| 22 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 flew | obl |
| 23 | after | after | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 flew | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 smote | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smite | past | Sir | the steed | then | with Sir's spurs | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent steed=Patient with spur=Instrument | ||
| 2 | spring | past | Sir's way | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on way=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | fly | past | sparks | the stones | after Sir | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from stone=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | spur | Sir | nom spur «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/62/