Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 13
They held wide open the great gates, and he greeted them courteously, and rode over the bridge.
Who acts: gates, Sir · What happens: hold, open, greet, ride · To what, where: great gates, gates, bridge
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gates, Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 held | nsubj |
| 2 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | wide | wide | ADV | _ | 2 held | advmod |
| 4 | open | open | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 held | xcomp |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 gates | det |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 gates | amod |
| 7 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 open | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 greeted | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 greeted | cc |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 greeted | nsubj |
| 11 | greeted | greet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 held | conj |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 greeted | obj |
| 13 | courteously | courteously | ADV | _ | 11 greeted | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 rode | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 rode | cc |
| 16 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 held | conj |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 bridge | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bridge | det |
| 19 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rode | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past | gates = gate | wide property | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | open | infinitive | gates = gate not said here | the great gates | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location gate=Theme | ||||
| 3 | greet speech: greet | past | Sir | gates = gate | courteously property | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | ride | past | gates = gate not said here | the bridge | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over bridge=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/13/