Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 33
Then he gave him a servant to set him in the way, and lead him by the downs, that he should have no need to ford the stream, and should fare by the shortest road through the groves; and Gawain thanked the lord for the honour done him.
Who acts: God, Gawain, honour · What happens: give, set, lead, have, ford, fare · To what, where: servant, Sir, God, way, need, stream
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, Gawain, honour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 gave | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gave | iobj |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 servant | det |
| 6 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gave | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 set | mark |
| 8 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 gave | advcl |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 set | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 way | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 way | det |
| 12 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 set | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 lead | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 lead | cc |
| 15 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 set | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 lead | obj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 downs | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 downs | det |
| 19 | downs | down | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 lead | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 have | punct |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 have | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 have | nsubj |
| 23 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 have | aux |
| 24 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 lead | parataxis |
| 25 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 26 need | det |
| 26 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 have | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 ford | mark |
| 28 | ford | ford | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 need | acl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 stream | det |
| 30 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ford | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 fare | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 fare | cc |
| 33 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 fare | aux |
| 34 | fare | fare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 have | conj |
| 35 | by | by | ADP | _ | 38 road | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 road | det |
| 37 | shortest | short | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 38 road | amod |
| 38 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 fare | obl |
| 39 | through | through | ADP | _ | 41 groves | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 groves | det |
| 41 | groves | grove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 fare | obl |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 thanked | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 thanked | cc |
| 44 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 thanked | nsubj |
| 45 | thanked | thank | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gave | conj |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 lord | det |
| 47 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 thanked | obj |
| 48 | for | for | ADP | _ | 51 done | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 honour | det |
| 50 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 done | nsubj |
| 51 | done | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 thanked | advcl |
| 52 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 done | obj |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | God | a servant | Sir | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient servant=Theme | ||
| 2 | set | to-infinitive | God not said here | God | the way | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in way=Destination | |||
| 3 | lead | infinitive | God not said here | God | by the downs | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme by down=Destination | |||
| 4 | have | should | God | no need | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent need=Patient | ||||
| 5 | ford | to-infinitive | God not said here | the stream | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | fare | should | God not said here | the groves | by the shortest road | tree rules | |||
| 7 | thank speech: thank | past | Gawain | the lord | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Theme | ||||
| 8 | do | past | the honour | God | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/33/