Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 41
Now the New Year drew nigh, and the night passed, and the day chased the darkness, as is God’s will; but wild weather wakened therewith.
Who acts: New Year, night, day, wild weather · What happens: draw, pass, chase, be, waken · To what, where: darkness
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New Year, night, day, wild weather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 drew | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Year | det |
| 3 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Year | compound |
| 4 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 drew | nsubj |
| 5 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | nigh | nigh | ADV | _ | 5 drew | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 passed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 passed | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 night | det |
| 10 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 passed | nsubj |
| 11 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 drew | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 chased | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 chased | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 day | det |
| 15 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chased | nsubj |
| 16 | chased | chase | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 drew | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 darkness | det |
| 18 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chased | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 is | punct |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 is | mark |
| 21 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 chased | conj |
| 22 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 will | nmod:poss |
| 23 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 22 God | case |
| 24 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 is | ccomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 wakened | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 wakened | cc |
| 27 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 weather | amod |
| 28 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 wakened | nsubj |
| 29 | wakened | waken | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 drew | conj |
| 30 | therewith | therewith | ADV | _ | 29 wakened | advmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | the New Year | now | nigh property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | pass | past | the night | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | chase | past | the day | the darkness | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent darkness=Theme | ||||
| 4 | be | present | the day not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | waken | participle | wild weather | therewith property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/41/