Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 42
The clouds cast the cold to the earth, with enough of the north to slay them that lacked clothing.
Who acts: clouds, enough north · What happens: cast, slay, lack · To what, where: cold, earth, clouds, clothing
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clouds, enough north), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 clouds | det |
| 2 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cast | nsubj |
| 3 | cast | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cold | det |
| 5 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cast | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 earth | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 earth | det |
| 8 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cast | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 north | punct |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 north | case |
| 11 | enough | enough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 north | amod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 north | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 north | det |
| 14 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 cast | parataxis |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 slay | mark |
| 16 | slay | slay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 north | acl |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 slay | obj |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 lacked | nsubj |
| 19 | lacked | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 north | acl:relcl |
| 20 | clothing | clothing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 lacked | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cast | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cast | present | the clouds | the cold | the earth | the enough north parataxis | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent cold=Theme to earth=Destination | ||
| 2 | slay | to-infinitive | the clouds not said here | clouds = cloud | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 3 | lack | past | the enough north | clothing | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/42/