Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 57
Then Gawain went to him, and looked on his coat, and said by his sooth, “There is a folk in this place that thinketh on honour; much joy may they have, and the lord who maintains them, and may all good betide that lovely lady all her life long.
Who acts: Gawain, folk, place, much joy, lord · What happens: go, look, say, be, think, have · To what, where: knight, eyes · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain, folk, place, much joy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 looked | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 looked | cc |
| 8 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 coat | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 coat | nmod:poss |
| 11 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 looked | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 said | cc |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 went | parataxis |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 sooth | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 sooth | nmod:poss |
| 17 | sooth | sooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 said | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 is | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 is | punct |
| 20 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 21 is | expl |
| 21 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | parataxis |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 folk | det |
| 23 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 is | nsubj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 place | case |
| 25 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 place | det |
| 26 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 folk | nmod |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 thinketh | nsubj |
| 28 | thinketh | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 place | acl:relcl |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 honour | case |
| 30 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 thinketh | obl |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 have | punct |
| 32 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 joy | amod |
| 33 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 have | nsubj |
| 34 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 have | aux |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 have | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 went | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 good | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 good | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 lord | det |
| 40 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 good | nsubj |
| 41 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 maintains | nsubj |
| 42 | maintains | maintain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 lord | acl:relcl |
| 43 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 maintains | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 good | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 good | cc |
| 46 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 good | aux |
| 47 | all | all | ADV | _ | 48 good | advmod |
| 48 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 betide | parataxis |
| 49 | betide | betide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 50 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 56 long | mark |
| 51 | lovely | lovely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 lady | amod |
| 52 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 long | nsubj |
| 53 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 55 life | det:predet |
| 54 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 life | nmod:poss |
| 55 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 lady | nmod |
| 56 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 49 betide | advcl |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Gawain | knight | then | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | look | past | Gawain not said here | on Gawain's coat | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on coat=Theme | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | participle | by Gawain's sooth | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | be in a quote | present | a folk in this place | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | think speech: other in a quote | present | this place | on honour | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on honour=Topic | ||||
| 6 | have in a quote | may | much joy | eyes = eye nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | maintain in a quote | present | the lord | eyes = eye | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 8 | betide in a quote | present | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/57/