Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 66
Then the Green Knight drew off from him, and leaned on his axe, setting the shaft on the ground, and looked on Gawain as he stood all armed and faced him fearlessly—at heart it pleased him well.
Who acts: Green Knight, knight · What happens: draw off, learn, set, look, stand, face · To what, where: axe, shaft, ground, knight
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Green Knight, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 drew | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Knight | det |
| 3 | Green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Knight | amod |
| 4 | Knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 drew | nsubj |
| 5 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | off | off | ADP | _ | 5 drew | compound:prt |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 drew | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 leaned | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 leaned | cc |
| 11 | leaned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 drew | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 axe | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 axe | nmod:poss |
| 14 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 leaned | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 setting | punct |
| 16 | setting | set | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 leaned | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 shaft | det |
| 18 | shaft | shaft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 setting | obj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 ground | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 ground | det |
| 21 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 setting | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 looked | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 looked | cc |
| 24 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 drew | conj |
| 25 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 Gawain | case |
| 26 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 looked | obl |
| 27 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 29 stood | mark |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 stood | nsubj |
| 29 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 looked | advcl |
| 30 | all | all | ADV | _ | 31 armed | advmod |
| 31 | armed | armed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 stood | xcomp |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 faced | cc |
| 33 | faced | face | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 stood | conj |
| 34 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 faced | obj |
| 35 | fearlessly | fearlessly | ADV | _ | 33 faced | advmod |
| 36 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 pleased | punct |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 38 heart | case |
| 38 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 pleased | obl |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 pleased | nsubj |
| 40 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 faced | parataxis |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 pleased | nsubj |
| 42 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 40 pleased | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw off | past | the Green Knight | then | from Arthur | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from he=Co-Patient | |||
| 2 | learn | past | the Green Knight not said here | knight's axe | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | set | gerund | the Green Knight not said here | the shaft | the ground | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent shaft=Theme on ground=Destination | |||
| 4 | look | past | the Green Knight not said here | on Gawain | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on gawain=Theme | ||||
| 5 | stand | past | knight | armed property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | face | past | knight not said here | knight | fearlessly property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/66/