Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 9, sentence 3
And I must needs wear it so long as I live, for none may hide his harm, but undone it may not be, for if it hath clung to thee once, it may never be severed.”
Who acts: I, none, Gawain · What happens: wear, live, hide, cling, not sever, harm · To what, where: lace, harm
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, none, Gawain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 wear | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 wear | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 wear | aux |
| 4 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wear | aux |
| 5 | wear | wear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 wear | obj |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 long | advmod |
| 8 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 wear | advmod |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 live | mark |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 live | nsubj |
| 11 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 long | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hide | punct |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 16 hide | mark |
| 14 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 16 hide | nsubj |
| 15 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 hide | aux |
| 16 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 wear | advcl |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 harm | nmod:poss |
| 18 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hide | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 be | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 be | cc |
| 21 | undone | undone | ADP | _ | 22 it | case |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 be | obl |
| 23 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 be | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 be | advmod |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 clung | aux:pass |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 hath | punct |
| 27 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 hath | mark |
| 28 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 30 hath | mark |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 hath | nsubj |
| 30 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 clung | aux:pass |
| 31 | clung | cling | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 wear | advcl |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 thee | case |
| 33 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 clung | obl |
| 34 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 31 clung | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 severed | punct |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 severed | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 severed | aux |
| 38 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 40 severed | advmod |
| 39 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 40 severed | aux:pass |
| 40 | severed | sever | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 clung | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 wear | punct |
| 42 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 wear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wear | must | I | lace | long property | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 2 | live | present | I | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | hide | may | none | Gawain's harm | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Patient | ||||
| 4 | cling | infinitive · passive | I not said here | to thee; once property | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: to thou=Co-Theme | ||||
| 5 | not sever | may · passive | lace | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 6 | harm | Gawain | nom harm «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/9/3/