Hawaiian Historical Legends, Opening, sentence 13
For instance, Hilo, in the island of Hawaii, is named after Whiro, a noted viking who sailed through many island groups with his brother, Punga, after whom the district of Puna is named.
Who acts: noted viking · What happens: name, note, sail · To what, where: many island groups, district
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noted viking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 2 instance | case |
| 2 | instance | instance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 named | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Hilo | punct |
| 4 | Hilo | Hilo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 instance | appos |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 island | punct |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 island | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 island | det |
| 8 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Hilo | appos |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Hawaii | case |
| 10 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 island | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 instance | punct |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 named | aux:pass |
| 13 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | after | after | ADP | _ | 15 Whiro | case |
| 15 | Whiro | Whiro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 named | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 viking | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 viking | det |
| 18 | noted | note | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 viking | amod |
| 19 | viking | viking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 Whiro | appos |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 sailed | nsubj |
| 21 | sailed | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 viking | acl:relcl |
| 22 | through | through | ADP | _ | 25 groups | case |
| 23 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 groups | amod |
| 24 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 groups | compound |
| 25 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 sailed | obl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 brother | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 brother | nmod:poss |
| 28 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sailed | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Punga | punct |
| 30 | Punga | Punga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Whiro | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 named | punct |
| 32 | after | after | ADP | _ | 33 whom | case |
| 33 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 named | obl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 district | det |
| 35 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 named | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 Puna | case |
| 37 | Puna | Puna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 district | nmod |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 named | aux:pass |
| 39 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 named | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 named | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | name | present · passive | after Whiro and Punga | for instance | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 2 | note | participle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | sail | past | a noted viking | many island groups | with Hawaii's brother | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through group=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | name | present · passive | the district of Puna | whom obl | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/1/13/