Hawaiian Historical Legends, Laa From Tahiti, sentence 18
This was a course of training well fitted to make Laa high-spirited, courageous and ever ready to take the leadership among his fellow-chiefs in the new land where he made his home.
Who acts: This, course, manhood · What happens: be, train, fit, make, take · To what, where: course, leadership, new land, home
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Laa From Tahiti. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, course, manhood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 course | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 course | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 course | det |
| 4 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 6 training | mark |
| 6 | training | train | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 course | acl |
| 7 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 fitted | advmod |
| 8 | fitted | fit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 training | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 make | mark |
| 10 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 fitted | advcl |
| 11 | Laa | Laa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 spirited | nsubj |
| 12 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 spirited | amod |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 high | punct |
| 14 | spirited | spirited | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 make | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 courageous | punct |
| 16 | courageous | courageous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 spirited | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 ready | cc |
| 18 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 19 ready | advmod |
| 19 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 spirited | conj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 take | mark |
| 21 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 ready | xcomp |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 leadership | det |
| 23 | leadership | leadership | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 take | obj |
| 24 | among | among | ADP | _ | 28 chiefs | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 chiefs | nmod:poss |
| 26 | fellow | fellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 chiefs | amod |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 fellow | punct |
| 28 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 take | obl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 land | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 land | det |
| 31 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 land | amod |
| 32 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 take | obl |
| 33 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 35 made | advmod |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 made | nsubj |
| 35 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 land | acl:relcl |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 home | nmod:poss |
| 37 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 made | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 course | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | This | a course | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | train | gerund | a course not said here | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | fit | participle | well property | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | make | to-infinitive | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 5 | take | to-infinitive | the leadership | the new land | among manhood's fellow chiefs | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent leadership=Value in land=Location | |||
| 6 | make | past | manhood | manhood's home | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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