Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Foreigners, sentence 30
The Hawaiian traditions have several references to foreigners coming to the islands.
Who acts: Hawaiian traditions, foreigners · What happens: have, come · To what, where: several references, islands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Foreigners. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawaiian traditions, foreigners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 traditions | det |
| 2 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 traditions | amod |
| 3 | traditions | tradition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 references | amod |
| 6 | references | reference | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 foreigners | case |
| 8 | foreigners | foreigner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 references | nmod |
| 9 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 foreigners | acl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 islands | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 islands | det |
| 12 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 coming | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the Hawaiian traditions | several references | to foreigners | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reference=Patient | |||
| 2 | come | gerund | foreigners not said here | the islands | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to island=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/11/30/