Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 29
One said to another, “What is this thing which has branches?”
Who acts: One, thing · What happens: say, be, have · To what, where: another, thing, branches · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | PRON | Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 another | case |
| 4 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 said | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 thing | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 thing | punct |
| 7 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 thing | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 thing | cop |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 thing | det |
| 10 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 said | ccomp |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 has | nsubj |
| 12 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 thing | acl:relcl |
| 13 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 has | obj |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 12 has | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 thing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | One | another | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to another=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | this thing | What nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | this thing | branches | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent branch=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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