Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 16
The young king thought that this was a small part of his kingdom and would scarcely be missed, hence he readily promised to grant the Kua-loa district to his friend.
Who acts: young king, this, King · What happens: think, be, miss, promise, grant · To what, where: small part, Kua loa district, friend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young king, this, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 2 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 king | amod |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 thought | nsubj |
| 4 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 part | mark |
| 6 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 part | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 part | cop |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 part | det |
| 9 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 part | amod |
| 10 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 thought | ccomp |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 kingdom | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 13 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 part | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 missed | cc |
| 15 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 missed | aux |
| 16 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 18 missed | advmod |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 missed | aux:pass |
| 18 | missed | miss | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 thought | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 promised | punct |
| 20 | hence | hence | ADV | _ | 23 promised | advmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 promised | nsubj |
| 22 | readily | readily | ADV | _ | 23 promised | advmod |
| 23 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 grant | mark |
| 25 | grant | grant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 promised | xcomp |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 district | det |
| 27 | Kua | Kua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 district | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 Kua | punct |
| 29 | loa | loa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 district | compound |
| 30 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 grant | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 friend | case |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 friend | nmod:poss |
| 33 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 grant | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | the young king | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | this | a small part | of King's kingdom | tree rules | |||
| 3 | miss | would · passive | the young king not said here | scarcely property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» | ||||
| 4 | promise speech: promise | past | King | hence, readily property | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | grant not said to happen | to-infinitive | King not said here | the Kua loa district | King's friend | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent district=Theme to friend=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/16/