Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 82

Kahekili was greatly disappointed by his failure to secure the ivory, the gift of the gods, and the sacred lands with the all-powerful war drums, but he covered his chagrin as best he could by accepting the offer of warriors, for his spies assured him that his powerful brother-in-law, the king of Hawaii, was preparing an immense army with which to conquer the whole of Maui.

Who acts: failure, Kahekili, spies, powerful brother · What happens: disappoint, secure, cover, accept, assure, prepare · To what, where: Kahekili, ivory, chagrin, offer, immense army, whole

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (failure, Kahekili, spies, powerful brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kahekili	Kahekili	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 disappointed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 disappointed	aux:pass
3	greatly	greatly	ADV	_	4 disappointed	advmod
4	disappointed	disappoint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 failure	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 failure	nmod:poss
7	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 disappointed	obl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 secure	mark
9	secure	secure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 disappointed	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 ivory	det
11	ivory	ivory	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 secure	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 gift	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 gift	det
14	gift	gift	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 ivory	appos
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 gods	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 gods	det
17	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 gift	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 lands	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 lands	cc
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 lands	det
21	sacred	sacred	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 lands	amod
22	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 disappointed	obl
23	with	with	ADP	_	29 drums	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 drums	det
25	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	29 drums	det
26	-	-	PUNCT	_	25 all	punct
27	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 drums	amod
28	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 drums	compound
29	drums	drum	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 lands	nmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 covered	punct
31	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 covered	cc
32	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 covered	nsubj
33	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 could	advcl
34	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 chagrin	nmod:poss
35	chagrin	chagrin	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 covered	obj
36	as	as	ADP	_	37 best	case
37	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	33 covered	obl
38	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 could	nsubj
39	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 disappointed	advcl
40	by	by	SCONJ	_	41 accepting	mark
41	accepting	accept	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	39 could	advcl
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 offer	det
43	offer	offer	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 accepting	obj
44	of	of	ADP	_	45 warriors	case
45	warriors	warrior	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 offer	nmod
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 assured	punct
47	for	for	SCONJ	_	50 assured	mark
48	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	49 spies	nmod:poss
49	spies	spy	NOUN	Number=Plur	50 assured	nsubj
50	assured	assure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 disappointed	advcl
51	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	50 assured	iobj
52	that	that	SCONJ	_	67 preparing	mark
53	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	55 brother	nmod:poss
54	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 brother	amod
55	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	67 preparing	nsubj
56	-	-	PUNCT	_	59 law	punct
57	in	in	ADP	_	59 law	case
58	-	-	PUNCT	_	57 in	punct
59	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 brother	conj
60	,	,	PUNCT	_	62 king	punct
61	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	62 king	det
62	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	55 brother	appos
63	of	of	ADP	_	64 Hawaii	case
64	Hawaii	Hawaii	PROPN	Number=Sing	62 king	nmod
65	,	,	PUNCT	_	55 brother	punct
66	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	67 preparing	aux
67	preparing	prepare	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	50 assured	advcl
68	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	70 army	det
69	immense	immense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	70 army	amod
70	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	67 preparing	obj
71	with	with	ADP	_	72 which	case
72	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	67 preparing	advcl:relcl
73	to	to	PART	_	74 conquer	mark
74	conquer	conquer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	67 preparing	advcl
75	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	76 whole	det
76	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	74 conquer	obj
77	of	of	ADP	_	78 Maui	case
78	Maui	Maui	PROPN	Number=Sing	76 whole	obl
79	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 disappointed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	disappoint	past · passive	Kahekili's failure	Kahekili		the sacred lands with the powerful war drums obl; greatly property	tree rules
2	secure	to-infinitive	Kahekili's failure not said here	the ivory			vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition ivory=Theme
3	cover	past	Kahekili	Kahekili's chagrin		as best	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent chagrin=Destination
4	accept	gerund	Kahekili's failure not said here	the offer of warriors			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme
5	assure	past	Kahekili's spies		Kahekili		vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
6	prepare	past · progressive	Kahekili's powerful brother and law	a immense army		which advcl:relcl	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Patient
7	conquer	to-infinitive	Kahekili's powerful brother and law not said here	the whole of Maui			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whole=Patient
8	fail		Kahekili				nom failure «act intransitive»: poss=agent
9	gift			the gods			nom gift «possession transitive»: of=patient
10	chagrin		Kahekili				nom chagrin «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
11	offer			warriors			nom offer «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/82/

🌲 Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 82

The tree

Pragmatics

Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 82