Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 142
They destroyed the villages and drove the terrified defenceless people up the lava cliffs to mountain hiding-places.
Who acts: life · What happens: destroy, drive up · To what, where: villages, terrified defenceless people, mountain hiding places
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 destroyed | nsubj |
| 2 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 villages | det |
| 4 | villages | village | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 destroyed | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 drove | cc |
| 6 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 destroyed | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 people | det |
| 8 | terrified | terrified | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 people | amod |
| 9 | defenceless | defenceless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 people | amod |
| 10 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 drove | obj |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 drove | compound:prt |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cliffs | det |
| 13 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cliffs | compound |
| 14 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 drove | obl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 places | case |
| 16 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 places | compound |
| 17 | hiding | hiding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 places | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 hiding | punct |
| 19 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 drove | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 destroyed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | destroy | past | life | the villages | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Patient | ||||
| 2 | drive up | past | life not said here | the terrified defenceless people | mountain hiding places | the lava cliffs obl | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent people=Theme to place=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/142/