Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 166
It has long been a tangled group of large rounded sand hills.
Who acts: tract · What happens: have, tangle, be, round · To what, where: tangled group
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tract), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 group | advmod |
| 4 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 group | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 group | det |
| 6 | tangled | tangle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 group | amod |
| 7 | group | group | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 has | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 hills | case |
| 9 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 hills | amod |
| 10 | rounded | round | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 hills | amod |
| 11 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hills | compound |
| 12 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 group | nmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | tract | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | tangle | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | is a | participle | a tangled group | of large rounded sand hills; long property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | round | participle | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/166/