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Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 32

He gave the old chief a moment’s rest while he kept the surrounding crowd at bay; then he dashed against the wall of warriors and broke it down.

Who acts: cry · What happens: give, keep, dash, break down · To what, where: old chief, surrounding crowd, bay, wall, crowd

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjdetamodobjdetnmod:posscaseobjmarknsubjadvcldetcompoundobjcasenmodpunctadvmodnsubjparataxiscasedetoblcasenmodccconjobjcompound:prtpunctrootHePRONgaveVERBtheDEToldADJchiefNOUNaDETmomentNOUN’sPARTrestNOUNwhileSCONJhePRONkeptVERBtheDETsurroundingNOUNcrowdNOUNatADPbayNOUN;PUNCTthenADVhePRONdashedVERBagainstADPtheDETwallNOUNofADPwarriorsNOUNandCCONJbrokeVERBitPRONdownADP.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs2 gavensubj
2gavegiveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 chiefdet
4oldoldADJDegree=Pos5 chiefamod
5chiefchiefNOUNNumber=Sing2 gaveobj
6aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 momentdet
7momentmomentNOUNNumber=Sing9 restnmod:poss
8’s'sPART_7 momentcase
9restrestNOUNNumber=Sing2 gaveobj
10whilewhileSCONJ_12 keptmark
11hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs12 keptnsubj
12keptkeepVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 gaveadvcl
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 crowddet
14surroundingsurroundingNOUNNumber=Sing15 crowdcompound
15crowdcrowdNOUNNumber=Sing12 keptobj
16atatADP_17 baycase
17baybayNOUNNumber=Sing15 crowdnmod
18;;PUNCT_21 dashedpunct
19thenthenADVPronType=Dem21 dashedadvmod
20hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs21 dashednsubj
21dasheddashVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin2 gaveparataxis
22againstagainstADP_24 wallcase
23thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art24 walldet
24wallwallNOUNNumber=Sing21 dashedobl
25ofofADP_26 warriorscase
26warriorswarriorNOUNNumber=Plur24 wallnmod
27andandCCONJ_28 brokecc
28brokebreakVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin21 dashedconj
29ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs28 brokeobj
30downdownADP_28 brokecompound:prt
31..PUNCT_2 gavepunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1givepastcrythe old chiefa moment's rest objvn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent chief=Recipient rest=Theme
2keeppastcrythe surrounding crowdbayvn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent crowd=Theme at bay=Location
3dashpastcrythe wall of warriorsthenvn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against wall=Trajectory
4break downpastcry not said herecrowdvn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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