Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 94
The common people were in a state of serfdom akin to European feudalism.
Who acts: common people · What happens: be, akin · To what, where: state
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (common people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 people | det |
| 2 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 people | amod |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 state | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 state | cop |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 state | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 state | det |
| 7 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 serfdom | case |
| 9 | serfdom | serfdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 akin | obl |
| 10 | akin | akin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 state | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 feudalism | case |
| 12 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 feudalism | amod |
| 13 | feudalism | feudalism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 akin | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 state | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the common people | a state | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | akin | present | of serfdom; to European feudalism | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/94/