Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 52
Fornander says that the servants drove the young man into the sea, where he was drowned.
Who acts: Fornander, servants · What happens: say, drive, drown · To what, where: young man, sea, Fornander · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fornander, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fornander | Fornander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 drove | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 servants | det |
| 5 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 drove | nsubj |
| 6 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 says | ccomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 man | det |
| 8 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 man | amod |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 drove | obj |
| 10 | into | into | ADP | _ | 12 sea | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 sea | det |
| 12 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 drove | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 drowned | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 17 drowned | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 drowned | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 drowned | aux:pass |
| 17 | drowned | drown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 sea | acl:relcl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Fornander | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | drive | past | the servants | the young man | the sea | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent man=Theme into sea=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | drown | past · passive | Fornander | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/15/52/