Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Eight of Oahu, sentence 7
His canoes were spread along the beach below Diamond Head, covering the sands of Waikiki.
What happens: spread, cover · To what, where: canoes, beach, sands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 canoes | nmod:poss |
| 2 | canoes | canoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 spread | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spread | aux:pass |
| 4 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | along | along | ADP | _ | 7 beach | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 beach | det |
| 7 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spread | obl |
| 8 | below | below | ADP | _ | 10 Head | case |
| 9 | Diamond | diamond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Head | compound |
| 10 | Head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 beach | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 covering | punct |
| 12 | covering | cover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 spread | advcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sands | det |
| 14 | sands | sand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 covering | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Waikiki | case |
| 16 | Waikiki | Waikiki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 sands | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spread | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spread | past · passive | Kahekili's canoes | the beach below Diamond Head | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme along beach=Destination | ||||
| 2 | cover | gerund | the sands of Waikiki | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sand=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/16/7/