Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 50
As they touch the cold surface of the lofty mountain slopes they let fall in heavy showers their burden of waters borne from the sea.
Who acts: winds, lofty mountain slopes · What happens: touch, let, fall, bear, burden · To what, where: cold surface, lofty mountain slopes, heavy showers, waters, sea
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winds, lofty mountain slopes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 touch | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 touch | nsubj |
| 3 | touch | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 surface | det |
| 5 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 surface | amod |
| 6 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 touch | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 slopes | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 slopes | det |
| 9 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 slopes | amod |
| 10 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 slopes | compound |
| 11 | slopes | slope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 surface | nmod |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 let | nsubj |
| 13 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 slopes | acl:relcl |
| 14 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 let | xcomp |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 showers | case |
| 16 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 showers | amod |
| 17 | showers | shower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 fall | obl |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 burden | nmod:poss |
| 19 | burden | burden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 showers | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 waters | case |
| 21 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 burden | nmod |
| 22 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 waters | acl |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 sea | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 sea | det |
| 25 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 borne | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 touch | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | touch | present | winds = wind | the cold surface of the lofty mountain slopes | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme surface=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | let | past | winds = wind | the lofty mountain slopes not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | fall | infinitive | the lofty mountain slopes not said here | heavy showers and winds's burden of waters | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in shower=Location | ||||
| 4 | bear | participle | waters not said here | the sea | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | burden | winds = wind | waters | nom burden «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/17/50/