Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 63
The natives of Hawaii have a special class of deities known as au-makuas.
Who acts: natives · What happens: have, know · To what, where: special class, deities
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 natives | det |
| 2 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 have | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Hawaii | case |
| 4 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 natives | nmod |
| 5 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 class | det |
| 7 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 class | amod |
| 8 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 have | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 deities | case |
| 10 | deities | deity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 class | nmod |
| 11 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 deities | acl |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 makuas | case |
| 13 | au | au | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 makuas | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 au | punct |
| 15 | makuas | makua | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 known | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the natives of Hawaii | a special class of deities | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Patient | ||||
| 2 | know | participle | deities not said here | as au makuas | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as makua=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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