Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 78
The people on the bluffs saw the red flashes of the guns and noted the increasing noise of the artillery until they could no longer hear the voices of men.
Who acts: people, guns, artillery · What happens: see, note, hear, flash, noise · To what, where: red flashes, increasing noise, voices
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, guns, artillery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 people | det |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 bluffs | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 bluffs | det |
| 5 | bluffs | bluff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 people | nmod |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 flashes | det |
| 8 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 flashes | amod |
| 9 | flashes | flash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 guns | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 guns | det |
| 12 | guns | gun | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 flashes | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 noted | cc |
| 14 | noted | note | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 saw | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 noise | det |
| 16 | increasing | increasing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 noise | compound |
| 17 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 noted | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 artillery | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 artillery | det |
| 20 | artillery | artillery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 noise | nmod |
| 21 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 26 hear | mark |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 hear | nsubj |
| 23 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 hear | aux |
| 24 | no | no | ADV | _ | 25 longer | advmod |
| 25 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 26 hear | advmod |
| 26 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 noted | advcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 voices | det |
| 28 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 hear | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 men | case |
| 30 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 voices | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the people on the bluffs | the red flashes of the guns | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flash=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | note | past | the people on the bluffs not said here | the increasing noise of the artillery | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent noise=Topic | ||||
| 3 | hear | could | people | the voices of men | long property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | flash | the guns | nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 5 | noise | the artillery | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/17/78/