Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 27
They sang of our friends whose bodies lie in the ferns.
Who acts: boats, bodies · What happens: sing, lie · To what, where: ferns
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boats, bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sang | nsubj |
| 2 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 friends | case |
| 4 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 friends | nmod:poss |
| 5 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sang | obl |
| 6 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 7 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 7 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 lie | nsubj |
| 8 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 friends | acl:relcl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 ferns | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 ferns | det |
| 11 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 lie | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | boats = boat | of our friends | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | lie | present | bodies | the ferns | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in fern=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/18/27/