Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 7
As a native writer says: “The foundation of the law of the splintered paddle was the greed and shame of a chief dealing with a common man.”
Who acts: native writer, foundation, chief · What happens: say, splinter, be, deal, shame · To what, where: greed, chief · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (native writer, foundation, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 says | mark |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 writer | det |
| 3 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 writer | amod |
| 4 | writer | writer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 says | nsubj |
| 5 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 foundation | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 foundation | punct |
| 8 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 foundation | det |
| 9 | foundation | foundation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 greed | nsubj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 law | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 law | det |
| 12 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 foundation | nmod |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 paddle | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 paddle | det |
| 15 | splintered | splinter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 paddle | amod |
| 16 | paddle | paddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 law | nmod |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 greed | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 greed | det |
| 19 | greed | greed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 says | ccomp |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 shame | cc |
| 21 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 greed | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 chief | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 chief | det |
| 24 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shame | nmod |
| 25 | dealing | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 chief | acl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 man | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 man | det |
| 28 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 man | amod |
| 29 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 dealing | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 greed | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | a native writer | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | splinter in a quote | participle | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | past | the foundation of the law of the splintered paddle | the greed and shame of a chief | shame of a chief conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | deal in a quote | gerund | a chief not said here | with a common man | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with man=Theme | ||||
| 5 | shame in a quote | a chief | nom shame «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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