Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui the Polynesian, sentence 29
Thus the leaves became flat and have so remained through all the days of mankind.
Who acts: leaves · What happens: become, remain
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui the Polynesian. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 4 became | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 leaves | det |
| 3 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 became | nsubj |
| 4 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 became | xcomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 remained | cc |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 remained | aux |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 remained | advmod |
| 9 | remained | remain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 became | conj |
| 10 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 days | case |
| 11 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 days | det:predet |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 days | det |
| 13 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 remained | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 mankind | case |
| 15 | mankind | mankind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 days | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | the leaves | flat, thus property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | remain | present · perfect | the leaves not said here | day | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/2/29/