Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 66
If lands were forfeited they were to go back into the hands of the king, “and he shall give them out again at his discretion, or lease them, or put them into the hands of those who have no lands, as he shall think best.”
Who acts: tax, land · What happens: forfeit, go back, give out, lease, put, have · To what, where: lands, hands, tax, discretion
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tax, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 4 forfeited | mark |
| 2 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 forfeited | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 forfeited | aux:pass |
| 4 | forfeited | forfeit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 go | advcl |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 go | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 go | aux |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 go | mark |
| 8 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | back | back | ADV | _ | 8 go | advmod |
| 10 | into | into | ADP | _ | 12 hands | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 hands | det |
| 12 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 go | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 king | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 king | det |
| 15 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hands | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 give | punct |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 give | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 give | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 give | nsubj |
| 20 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 give | aux |
| 21 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 go | conj |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 give | iobj |
| 23 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 give | compound:prt |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 21 give | advmod |
| 25 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 discretion | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 discretion | nmod:poss |
| 27 | discretion | discretion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 give | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 lease | punct |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 lease | cc |
| 30 | lease | lease | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 go | conj |
| 31 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 lease | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 put | punct |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 put | cc |
| 34 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 go | conj |
| 35 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 put | obj |
| 36 | into | into | ADP | _ | 38 hands | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 hands | det |
| 38 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 put | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 those | case |
| 40 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 38 hands | nmod |
| 41 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 have | nsubj |
| 42 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 those | acl:relcl |
| 43 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 44 lands | det |
| 44 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 have | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 think | punct |
| 46 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 49 think | mark |
| 47 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 think | nsubj |
| 48 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 think | aux |
| 49 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 put | conj |
| 50 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 49 think | ccomp |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 go | punct |
| 52 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 go | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forfeit a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | lands | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | go back | past | tax | the hands of the king | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | give out in a quote | shall | land | tax | land's discretion | again | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||
| 4 | lease in a quote | infinitive | tax not said here | tax | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 5 | put in a quote | infinitive | tax not said here | tax | the hands of those | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Goal | |||
| 6 | have in a quote | present | no lands | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient | ||||
| 7 | think speech: other in a quote | shall | land | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/21/66/