Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 16
The action of Vancouver was not ratified in England, owing to more important European questions, and a real protectorate was never established.
Who acts: Vancouver · What happens: not ratify, owe, not establish, act · To what, where: action, England, more important European questions, real protectorate
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vancouver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 action | det |
| 2 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 ratified | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Vancouver | case |
| 4 | Vancouver | Vancouver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 action | nmod |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 ratified | aux:pass |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 ratified | advmod |
| 7 | ratified | ratify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 England | case |
| 9 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 ratified | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 owing | punct |
| 11 | owing | owe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 ratified | advcl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 questions | case |
| 13 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 16 questions | amod |
| 14 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 questions | amod |
| 15 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 questions | amod |
| 16 | questions | question | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 owing | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 established | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 established | cc |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 protectorate | det |
| 20 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 protectorate | amod |
| 21 | protectorate | protectorate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 established | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 established | aux:pass |
| 23 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 24 established | advmod |
| 24 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 ratified | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 ratified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not ratify | past · passive | the action of Vancouver | England | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | owe | gerund | to more important European questions goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to question=Goal | |||||
| 3 | not establish | past · passive | a real protectorate | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 4 | act | Vancouver | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/16/