Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 15
But the astute Ka-meha-meha, while looking for English protection from the greed of other nations, stipulated that the Hawaiians should “govern themselves in their own way and according to such laws as they themselves might impose.”
Who acts: astute Ka, Hawaiians · What happens: look, stipulate, govern, accord, impose · To what, where: Hawaiians, own way
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (astute Ka, Hawaiians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 stipulated | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Ka | det |
| 3 | astute | astute | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Ka | amod |
| 4 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 stipulated | nsubj |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 meha | punct |
| 6 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 4 Ka | dep |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 meha | punct |
| 8 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 6 meha | flat:foreign |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 looking | punct |
| 10 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 11 looking | mark |
| 11 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 Ka | conj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 protection | case |
| 13 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 protection | compound |
| 14 | protection | protection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 looking | obl |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 greed | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 greed | det |
| 17 | greed | greed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 looking | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 nations | case |
| 19 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 nations | amod |
| 20 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 greed | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 stipulated | punct |
| 22 | stipulated | stipulate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 govern | mark |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Hawaiians | det |
| 25 | Hawaiians | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 28 govern | nsubj |
| 26 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 govern | aux |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 govern | punct |
| 28 | govern | govern | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 stipulated | advcl |
| 29 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 28 govern | obj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 way | case |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 way | nmod:poss |
| 32 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 way | amod |
| 33 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 govern | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 laws | cc |
| 35 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 laws | case |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 according | fixed |
| 37 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 laws | amod |
| 38 | laws | law | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 way | conj |
| 39 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 43 impose | mark |
| 40 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 impose | nsubj |
| 41 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 40 they | nmod:unmarked |
| 42 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 impose | aux |
| 43 | impose | impose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 govern | advcl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 stipulated | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 stipulated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | gerund | the astute Ka not said here | for English protection; from the greed of other nations | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from greed=Theme | ||||
| 2 | stipulate | participle | the astute Ka | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | govern in a quote | should | the Hawaiians | Hawaiians = hawaiian | Hawaiians's own way and such laws | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme | |||
| 4 | accord in a quote | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | impose in a quote | might | Hawaiians = hawaiian | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/15/