Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 52
He lost about $3,000 in this voyage to China, “chiefly owing to the new flag.”
Who acts: king, chiefly · What happens: lose, owe · To what, where: voyage, new flag
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, chiefly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lost | nsubj |
| 2 | lost | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | about | about | ADV | _ | 4 $ | advmod |
| 4 | $ | $ | SYM | _ | 2 lost | obj |
| 5 | 3,000 | 3000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 $ | nummod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 voyage | case |
| 7 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 voyage | det |
| 8 | voyage | voyage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lost | obl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 China | case |
| 10 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 voyage | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 chiefly | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 chiefly | punct |
| 13 | chiefly | chiefly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 voyage | appos |
| 14 | owing | owe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 chiefly | acl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 flag | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 flag | det |
| 17 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 flag | amod |
| 18 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 owing | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 chiefly | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 chiefly | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | past | king | this voyage to China | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent $=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | owe in a quote | gerund | chiefly not said here | to the new flag goal | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to flag=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/52/