Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 51
We have the statement on good authority that Captain Adams had to pay such heavy harbour dues that the report thereof to Ka-meha-meha taught the Hawaiian king one of the principles of civilised business, i.e., to charge fees for every boat entering his harbour.
Who acts: We, Captain Adams, good authority, boat · What happens: have, pay, teach, civilise, charge, enter · To what, where: statement, good authority, such heavy harbour dues, Hawaiian king, Ka, fees
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, Captain Adams, good authority, boat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 statement | det |
| 4 | statement | statement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 have | obj |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 authority | case |
| 6 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 authority | amod |
| 7 | authority | authority | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 have | obl |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 had | mark |
| 9 | Captain | Captain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Adams | compound |
| 10 | Adams | adam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 had | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 authority | acl |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 pay | mark |
| 13 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 had | xcomp |
| 14 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 dues | amod |
| 15 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 dues | amod |
| 16 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 dues | compound |
| 17 | dues | due | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 pay | obj |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 report | mark |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 report | det |
| 20 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 dues | acl |
| 21 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 28 taught | advmod |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 Ka | case |
| 23 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 taught | obl |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 meha | punct |
| 25 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 28 taught | dep |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 meha | punct |
| 27 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 25 meha | flat:foreign |
| 28 | taught | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 pay | advcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 king | det |
| 30 | Hawaiian | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 king | compound |
| 31 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 taught | obj |
| 32 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 31 king | flat |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 principles | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 principles | det |
| 35 | principles | principle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 one | nmod |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 business | case |
| 37 | civilised | civilise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 business | amod |
| 38 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 principles | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 i.e. | punct |
| 40 | i.e. | i.e. | ADV | _ | 38 business | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 charge | punct |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 charge | mark |
| 43 | charge | charge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 pay | conj |
| 44 | fees | fee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 charge | obj |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 47 boat | case |
| 46 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 47 boat | det |
| 47 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 charge | obl |
| 48 | entering | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 47 boat | acl |
| 49 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 50 harbour | nmod:poss |
| 50 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 entering | obj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | We | the statement | good authority | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Patient | |||
| 2 | have | past | Captain Adams | good authority not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | pay | to-infinitive | good authority not said here | such heavy harbour dues the report | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent due=Asset | ||||
| 4 | teach speech: other | past | good authority not said here | the Hawaiian king | Ka | thereof property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent king=Topic to ka=Recipient | ||
| 5 | civilise | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | charge | to-infinitive | good authority not said here | fees | for every boat | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent fee=Patient for boat=Theme | |||
| 7 | enter | gerund | every boat not said here | king's harbour | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme harbour=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/51/