Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 99
At last the king, Ka-meha-meha III, became tired and placed his kingdom “provisionally under the protection of the United States,” declaring that the protectorate should be “perpetual” if the relations with France were not placed on a better footing.
Who acts: protectorate · What happens: become, place, declare, be, not place, protect · To what, where: kingdom, protection, perpetual, relations, better footing, United States · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (protectorate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 king | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 king | amod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 became | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Ka | punct |
| 6 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 king | appos |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 meha | punct |
| 8 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 6 Ka | dep |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 meha | punct |
| 10 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 8 meha | flat:foreign |
| 11 | III | III | NUM | NumForm=Roman NumType=Card | 10 meha | flat |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 king | punct |
| 13 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 became | xcomp |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 placed | cc |
| 16 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 became | conj |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 18 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 placed | obj |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 protection | punct |
| 20 | provisionally | provisionally | ADV | _ | 23 protection | advmod |
| 21 | under | under | ADP | _ | 23 protection | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 protection | det |
| 23 | protection | protection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 placed | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 States | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 States | det |
| 26 | United | United | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 States | amod |
| 27 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 23 protection | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 declaring | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 declaring | punct |
| 30 | declaring | declare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 became | advcl |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 perpetual | mark |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 protectorate | det |
| 33 | protectorate | protectorate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 perpetual | nsubj |
| 34 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 perpetual | aux |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 perpetual | cop |
| 36 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 perpetual | punct |
| 37 | perpetual | perpetual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 declaring | ccomp |
| 38 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 perpetual | punct |
| 39 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 46 placed | mark |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 relations | det |
| 41 | relations | relation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 42 | with | with | ADP | _ | 43 France | case |
| 43 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 relations | nmod |
| 44 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 placed | aux:pass |
| 45 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 46 placed | advmod |
| 46 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 declaring | advcl |
| 47 | on | on | ADP | _ | 50 footing | case |
| 48 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 footing | det |
| 49 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 50 footing | amod |
| 50 | footing | footing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 placed | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | at the last king; tired property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | place | past | Ka's kingdom | the protection of the United States | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent kingdom=Theme under protection=Destination | ||||
| 3 | declare speech: other | gerund | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | should | the protectorate | perpetual | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not place a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | the relations with France | a better footing | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme on footing=Destination | ||||
| 6 | protect in a quote | the United States | nom protection «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/99/