Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Water of Life [1], sentence 188
Here he and his brothers are high chiefs of the au-makuas, the ghost gods of Hawaii, who wait to welcome and give peace to the spirits of the dead.
Who acts: god, ghost gods · What happens: be, wait, welcome, give · To what, where: high chiefs, peace, spirits
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Water of Life [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (god, ghost gods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | root | root |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 chiefs | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 brothers | cc |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 5 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 he | conj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 chiefs | cop |
| 7 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 chiefs | amod |
| 8 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Here | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 makuas | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 makuas | det |
| 11 | au | au | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 makuas | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 au | punct |
| 13 | makuas | makua | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 chiefs | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 gods | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 gods | det |
| 16 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gods | compound |
| 17 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 makuas | appos |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Hawaii | case |
| 19 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 gods | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 wait | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 wait | nsubj |
| 22 | wait | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 gods | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 welcome | mark |
| 24 | welcome | welcome | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 wait | advcl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 give | cc |
| 26 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 welcome | conj |
| 27 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 give | obj |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 spirits | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 spirits | det |
| 30 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 give | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 dead | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 dead | det |
| 33 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 spirits | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Here | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | god | high chiefs | of the au makuas | tree rules | |||
| 2 | wait | present | the ghost gods of Hawaii | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | welcome | to-infinitive | the ghost gods of Hawaii not said here | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | give | infinitive | the ghost gods of Hawaii not said here | peace | the spirits of the dead | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent peace=Theme to spirit=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/4/188/