Hawaiian Historical Legends, A Viking of the Pacific, sentence 14
The Vikings of the Pacific gave to their foreign lands the names by which these lands were then known, and by which they are known to-day.
Who acts: Vikings, names · What happens: give, land, know · To what, where: names, lands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, A Viking of the Pacific. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vikings, names), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Vikings | det |
| 2 | Vikings | Viking | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Pacific | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Pacific | det |
| 5 | Pacific | Pacific | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Vikings | nmod |
| 6 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 10 lands | mark |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 lands | nmod:poss |
| 9 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 lands | amod |
| 10 | lands | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 gave | advcl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 names | det |
| 12 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lands | obj |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 which | case |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 known | obl |
| 15 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 16 lands | det |
| 16 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 known | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 known | aux:pass |
| 18 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 known | advmod |
| 19 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 names | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 known | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 known | cc |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 which | case |
| 23 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 known | obl |
| 24 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 known | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 known | aux:pass |
| 26 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 gave | conj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 day | case |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 to | punct |
| 29 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 known | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the Vikings of the Pacific | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | land | present | the Vikings of the Pacific not said here | the names | Vikings = viking nmod:poss | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme name=Destination | |||
| 3 | know | past · passive | the names | this lands | then | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | know | present · passive | lands = land | day | which obl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/5/14/