Hawaiian Historical Legends, Legendary Home of the Polynesians, sentence 27
Ellis, writing in 1830 concerning the Tahitians and inhabitants of neighbouring islands, says:
Who acts: Ellis · What happens: write, concern, neighbour, say · To what, where: 1830, Tahitians · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Legendary Home of the Polynesians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ellis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ellis | Ellis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 says | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ellis | punct |
| 3 | writing | write | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Ellis | acl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 1830 | case |
| 5 | 1830 | 1830 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 writing | obl |
| 6 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 writing | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Tahitians | det |
| 8 | Tahitians | Tahitian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 concerning | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 inhabitants | cc |
| 10 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 Tahitians | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 islands | case |
| 12 | neighbouring | neighbour | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 islands | amod |
| 13 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 inhabitants | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ellis | punct |
| 15 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | gerund | Ellis not said here | 1830 | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in 1830=Destination | ||||
| 2 | concern | gerund | Ellis not said here | the Tahitians and inhabitants of neighbouring islands | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus tahitian=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | neighbour | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | Ellis | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/6/27/