Hawaiian Historical Legends, Legendary Home of the Polynesians, sentence 28
“A tradition stated that the first inhabitants of these islands originally came from a country in the direction of the setting sun, to which several names were given.
Who acts: tradition, first inhabitants · What happens: state, come, give · To what, where: country, several names · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Legendary Home of the Polynesians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tradition, first inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 stated | punct |
| 2 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tradition | det |
| 3 | tradition | tradition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stated | nsubj |
| 4 | stated | state | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 came | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 inhabitants | det |
| 7 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 8 inhabitants | amod |
| 8 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 came | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 islands | case |
| 10 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 11 islands | det |
| 11 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 inhabitants | nmod |
| 12 | originally | originally | ADV | _ | 13 came | advmod |
| 13 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stated | ccomp |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 country | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 country | det |
| 16 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 came | obl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 direction | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 direction | det |
| 19 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 came | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 sun | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 sun | det |
| 22 | setting | setting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 sun | compound |
| 23 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 direction | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 given | punct |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 which | case |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 given | obl |
| 27 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 names | amod |
| 28 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 given | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 given | aux:pass |
| 30 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 came | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other in a quote | past | a tradition | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | come in a quote | past | the first inhabitants of this islands | a country | in the direction of the setting sun; originally property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from country=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | give in a quote | past · passive | several names | which obl | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/6/28/