Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 102
Where are you, Makima, Who dares to fight with Opale?”
Who acts: you, Makima · What happens: be, dare, fight
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Makima), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Where | cop |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 1 Where | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Makima | punct |
| 5 | Makima | Makima | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Where | appos |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 dares | punct |
| 7 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 dares | nsubj |
| 8 | dares | dare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 Makima | acl:relcl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 fight | mark |
| 10 | fight | fight | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 dares | xcomp |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 Opale | case |
| 12 | Opale | Opale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fight | obl |
| 13 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 dares | punct |
| 14 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Where | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | you | Makima appos; where property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | dare | present | Makima | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | fight | to-infinitive | Makima not said here | with Opale | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with opale=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/102/