Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 104
Each combatant approached the other, trying to make the audience think that he considered his antagonist so far beneath his notice that he only needed to move his arm and the match would be over.
Who acts: combatant, match · What happens: approach, try, make, think, consider, need · To what, where: other, audience, antagonist, arm · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (combatant, match), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 combatant | det |
| 2 | combatant | combatant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 approached | nsubj |
| 3 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 other | det |
| 5 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 approached | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 trying | punct |
| 7 | trying | try | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 approached | advcl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 make | mark |
| 9 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 think | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 audience | det |
| 11 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 make | obj |
| 12 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 trying | parataxis |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 considered | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 considered | nsubj |
| 15 | considered | consider | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 think | ccomp |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 antagonist | nmod:poss |
| 17 | antagonist | antagonist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 considered | obj |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 far | advmod |
| 19 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 15 considered | advmod |
| 20 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 22 notice | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 notice | nmod:poss |
| 22 | notice | notice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 far | obl |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 needed | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 needed | nsubj |
| 25 | only | only | ADV | _ | 26 needed | advmod |
| 26 | needed | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 considered | advcl |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 move | mark |
| 28 | move | move | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 needed | xcomp |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 arm | nmod:poss |
| 30 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 move | obj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 over | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 match | det |
| 33 | match | match | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 over | nsubj |
| 34 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 over | aux |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 over | cop |
| 36 | over | over | ADV | _ | 28 move | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 approached | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approach | past | each combatant | the other | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme | ||||
| 2 | try | gerund | each combatant not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | make | to-infinitive | the audience | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset audience=Product | |||||
| 4 | think speech: other | present | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | consider | past | combatant | combatant's antagonist | far property | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent antagonist=Attribute | |||
| 6 | need | past | combatant | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 7 | move not said to happen | to-infinitive | combatant not said here | combatant's arm | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Theme | ||||
| 8 | is | would | the match | over property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | notice | combatant | nom notice «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/104/