Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 169
Sleds swerved against slight unevennesses almost imperceptible until struck by a runner on one side or the other.
Who acts: Sleds · What happens: swerve, strike · To what, where: slight unevennesses, one side
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sleds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sleds | sled | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 swerved | nsubj |
| 2 | swerved | swerve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | against | against | ADP | _ | 5 unevennesses | case |
| 4 | slight | slight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 unevennesses | amod |
| 5 | unevennesses | unevenness | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 swerved | obl |
| 6 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 7 imperceptible | advmod |
| 7 | imperceptible | imperceptible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 unevennesses | amod |
| 8 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 9 struck | mark |
| 9 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 swerved | advcl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 runner | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 runner | det |
| 12 | runner | runner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 struck | obl |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 side | case |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 side | nummod |
| 15 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 struck | obl |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 other | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 other | det |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 side | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 swerved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swerve | past | Sleds | slight unevennesses | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against unevenness=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | strike | participle | Sleds not said here | one side | by a runner | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by runner=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/169/