Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 94
One of the chiefs stepped to the centre of the open arena and began to chant:
What happens: step, begin, chant · To what, where: One, centre
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 stepped | obl |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 chiefs | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 chiefs | det |
| 4 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 stepped | obl |
| 5 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 centre | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 centre | det |
| 8 | centre | centre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stepped | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 arena | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 arena | det |
| 11 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 arena | amod |
| 12 | arena | arena | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 centre | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 began | cc |
| 14 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 stepped | conj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 chant | mark |
| 16 | chant | chant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 began | xcomp |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 stepped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | step | past | One | the centre of the open arena | of the chiefs | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to centre=Destination | |||
| 2 | begin | past | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 3 | chant | to-infinitive | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/94/