Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 28
Mauna Loa with its flows is tending through the ages to bury up Kilauea, and it is quite possible that within a few centuries there will be flows from Mauna Loa which will cascade over the wall into Kilauea crater and so make Kilauea Mountain appear to be a mere spur of Mauna Loa.
Who acts: Mauna, crisis, possible flows, Kilauea · What happens: tend, bury up, be, cascade, make, appear · To what, where: ages, Kilauea, possible flows, Mauna Loa, wall, mere spur
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mauna, crisis, possible flows, Kilauea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 tending | nsubj |
| 2 | Loa | Loa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Mauna | flat |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 flows | case |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 flows | nmod:poss |
| 5 | flows | flow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Mauna | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 tending | aux |
| 7 | tending | tend | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | through | through | ADP | _ | 10 ages | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 ages | det |
| 10 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 tending | obl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 bury | mark |
| 12 | bury | bury | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 tending | advcl |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 bury | compound:prt |
| 14 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 bury | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 possible | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 possible | cc |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 possible | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 possible | cop |
| 19 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 20 possible | advmod |
| 20 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 flows | amod |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 be | mark |
| 22 | within | within | ADP | _ | 25 centuries | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 centuries | det |
| 24 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 centuries | amod |
| 25 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 be | obl |
| 26 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 be | expl |
| 27 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 be | aux |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 flows | cop |
| 29 | flows | flow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 tending | obj |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 Loa | case |
| 31 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Loa | compound |
| 32 | Loa | Loa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 flows | nmod |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 cascade | nsubj |
| 34 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 cascade | aux |
| 35 | cascade | cascade | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 flows | acl:relcl |
| 36 | over | over | ADP | _ | 38 wall | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 wall | det |
| 38 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 cascade | obl |
| 39 | into | into | ADP | _ | 41 crater | case |
| 40 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 crater | compound |
| 41 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 cascade | obl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 make | cc |
| 43 | so | so | ADV | _ | 44 make | advmod |
| 44 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 cascade | conj |
| 45 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 appear | nsubj |
| 46 | Mountain | Mountain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 Kilauea | flat |
| 47 | appear | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 make | ccomp |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 52 spur | mark |
| 49 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 52 spur | cop |
| 50 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 spur | det |
| 51 | mere | mere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 spur | amod |
| 52 | spur | spur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 appear | ccomp |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 Mauna | case |
| 54 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 spur | nmod |
| 55 | Loa | Loa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Mauna | flat |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 tending | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tend | present · progressive | Mauna with crisis's flows | through the ages | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | bury up | to-infinitive | Mauna with crisis's flows not said here | Kilauea | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilauea=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | present | crisis | possible property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a | infinitive | possible flows | Mauna Loa | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cascade | future | possible flows | the wall | into Kilauea crater | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over wall=Location | |||
| 6 | make | infinitive | possible flows not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | appear | present | Kilauea | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | is a | to-infinitive | Kilauea not said here | a mere spur | of Mauna | tree rules | |||
| 9 | flow | crisis | nom flow «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/28/