Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 17
The person using the sled grasped the right-hand side stick with his right hand, then, running swiftly to the brow of the hill, caught the stick of the left side and, throwing himself on the sled, hurled it over the edge and down the hill, sometimes sliding one hundred to two hundred yards or more.
Who acts: person · What happens: use, grasp, run, catch, throw, hurl · To what, where: sled, hand side stick, stick, person, edge, hundred yards
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 person | det |
| 2 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grasped | nsubj |
| 3 | using | use | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 person | acl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sled | det |
| 5 | sled | sled | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 using | obj |
| 6 | grasped | grasp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 stick | det |
| 8 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hand | amod |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 right | punct |
| 10 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stick | compound |
| 11 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stick | compound |
| 12 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 grasped | obj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 hand | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 hand | nmod:poss |
| 15 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 hand | amod |
| 16 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stick | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 running | punct |
| 18 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 running | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 running | punct |
| 20 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 grasped | advcl |
| 21 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 20 running | advmod |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 brow | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 brow | det |
| 24 | brow | brow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 running | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 hill | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 hill | det |
| 27 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 brow | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 caught | punct |
| 29 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 grasped | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 stick | det |
| 31 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 caught | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 side | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 side | det |
| 34 | left | left | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 side | amod |
| 35 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 stick | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 caught | cc |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 throwing | punct |
| 38 | throwing | throw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 caught | advcl |
| 39 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 38 throwing | obj |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 sled | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 sled | det |
| 42 | sled | sled | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 throwing | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 hurled | punct |
| 44 | hurled | hurl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 grasped | conj |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 hurled | obj |
| 46 | over | over | ADP | _ | 48 edge | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 edge | det |
| 48 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 hurled | obl |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 hill | cc |
| 50 | down | down | ADP | _ | 52 hill | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 hill | det |
| 52 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 edge | conj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 sliding | punct |
| 54 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 55 sliding | advmod |
| 55 | sliding | slide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 44 hurled | advcl |
| 56 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 57 hundred | compound |
| 57 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 60 hundred | compound |
| 58 | to | to | ADP | _ | 59 two | case |
| 59 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 57 hundred | nmod |
| 60 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 61 yards | nummod |
| 61 | yards | yard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 sliding | obj |
| 62 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 63 more | cc |
| 63 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 61 yards | conj |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 grasped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | gerund | the person not said here | the sled | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sled=Patient | ||||
| 2 | grasp | past | the person | the hand side stick | with person's right hand | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent stick=Experiencer with hand=Instrument | |||
| 3 | run | gerund | the person not said here | then | to the brow of the hill result; swiftly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to brow=Result | |||
| 4 | catch | past | the stick of the left side | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Theme | |||||
| 5 | throw | gerund | person | the sled | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent himself=Theme on sled=Destination | ||||
| 6 | hurl | past | the person not said here | stick | the edge and the hill | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme over edge=Destination | |||
| 7 | slide | gerund | the person not said here | hundred yards | sometimes property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yard=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/17/