Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 27
He took his wife, Kanaka-wahine, his two children, his sister Koai, his younger brother, and Ahua, one of the young chiefs who was his aikane (intimate friend), and also his necessary retainers and their baggage, and among the most cherished of all, his favorite pig, Aloi-puaa.
Who acts: wali, young chiefs · What happens: take, be, cherish · To what, where: wife, aikane, favorite pig
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wali, young chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 wife | nmod:poss |
| 4 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 wahine | punct |
| 6 | Kanaka | Kanaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 wahine | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Kanaka | punct |
| 8 | wahine | wahine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wife | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 children | punct |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 children | nmod:poss |
| 11 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 children | nummod |
| 12 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 wife | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Koai | punct |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 sister | nmod:poss |
| 15 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Koai | nmod:desc |
| 16 | Koai | Koai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 wife | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 brother | punct |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 brother | nmod:poss |
| 19 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 brother | amod |
| 20 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Ahua | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Ahua | cc |
| 23 | Ahua | Ahua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 took | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 one | punct |
| 25 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 Ahua | appos |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 chiefs | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 chiefs | det |
| 28 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 chiefs | amod |
| 29 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 one | nmod |
| 30 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 aikane | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 aikane | cop |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 aikane | nmod:poss |
| 33 | aikane | aikane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 chiefs | nmod |
| 34 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 36 friend | punct |
| 35 | intimate | intimate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 friend | amod |
| 36 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 aikane | appos |
| 37 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 36 friend | punct |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 retainers | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 retainers | cc |
| 40 | also | also | ADV | _ | 43 retainers | advmod |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 retainers | nmod:poss |
| 42 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 retainers | amod |
| 43 | retainers | retainer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 took | obj |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 baggage | cc |
| 45 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 baggage | nmod:poss |
| 46 | baggage | baggage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 retainers | conj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 cherished | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 cherished | cc |
| 49 | among | among | ADP | _ | 52 cherished | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 cherished | det |
| 51 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 52 cherished | advmod |
| 52 | cherished | cherish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 took | conj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 all | case |
| 54 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 52 cherished | obl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 pig | punct |
| 56 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 pig | nmod:poss |
| 57 | favorite | favorite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 pig | amod |
| 58 | pig | pig | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 cherished | obl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 puaa | punct |
| 60 | Aloi | Aloi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 puaa | compound |
| 61 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 62 puaa | punct |
| 62 | puaa | puaa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 pig | appos |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | wali | wali's wife and Kanaka wahine and wali's two children and Koai wali's sister | wali's younger brother obl; Ahua obl; wali's necessary retainers and retainers's baggage obj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Theme retainer=Destination | |||
| 2 | is a | past | the young chiefs | wali's aikane | wali nmod:poss; intimate friend appos | tree rules | |||
| 3 | cherish | participle | wali not said here | wali's favorite pig | of all | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/27/