Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 8
Hee-nalu meant “surf-riding,” Heeholua meant “sled-riding,” or sliding down grassy hillsides.
Who acts: Hee, surf riding · What happens: mean, slide down · To what, where: sled riding, grassy hillsides · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hee, surf riding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hee | Hee | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 meant | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Hee | punct |
| 3 | nalu | nalu | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 Hee | flat |
| 4 | meant | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 riding | punct |
| 6 | surf | surf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 riding | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 surf | punct |
| 8 | riding | riding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 meant | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 riding | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 riding | punct |
| 11 | Heeholua | Heeholua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 meant | nsubj |
| 12 | meant | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 meant | ccomp |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 riding | punct |
| 14 | sled | sled | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 riding | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 sled | punct |
| 16 | riding | riding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 meant | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 riding | punct |
| 18 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 riding | punct |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 sliding | cc |
| 20 | sliding | slide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 meant | conj |
| 21 | down | down | ADV | _ | 20 sliding | advmod |
| 22 | grassy | grassy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hillsides | amod |
| 23 | hillsides | hillside | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 sliding | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 meant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | past | Hee | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | mean | past | surf riding | sled riding | Heeholua nsubj | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent riding=Topic | |||
| 3 | slide down | gerund | surf riding not said here | grassy hillsides | down property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hillside=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/8/